Page 5 - Science Course 2 (Book 2)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Module 8 Newton’s Laws

Force, Gravity, and Friction 2
a. How Does Gravity Affect Forces? 2
b. How Does Friction Affect Forces? 5

Newton’s First Law of Motion 11
a. What is Newton’s First Law of Motion? 11

Newton’s Second Law of Motion 17
a. What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion? 17
Newton’s Third Law of Motion 24

a. What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion? 24
b. What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum? 26

Module 9 Work, Energy, and Simple Machines

Energy and Work 34
a. What is Energy Transformation? 34
b. How are Energy and Work Related? 36
Explaining Machines 42
a. What are Simple Machines? 42
b. What are Complex Machines? 44
c. What is Mechanical Ef ciency? 45
Explaining Energy 51
a. What are Kinetic and Potential Energy? 51
b. What are the Different Forms of Energy? 55

Module 10 Earth’s Layers and Surface

The Earth’s Geosphere 64
a. What are the Materials in Earth’s Geosphere? 64
b. What is the Structure of the Geosphere? 68
The Earth’s Cycles 74
a. What is the Carbon Cycle? 74
b. What is the Phosphorus Cycle? 79
The Plate Tectonics Theory 85
a. What is the Plate Tectonics Theory? 85
b. Why Tectonic Plates Move? 87