Page 172 - Science Course 1 (Book 1)

Mo5-L3a: What is the Effect of Temperature and Energy on Matter?

m = mass e = mv² Potential energy of particles typically increases as
v = velocity 2 the particles get farther apart.
e = kinetic energy
The farther an object is from Earth’s surface, the
greater the gravitational potential energy.

Potential

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic
energy of translation of the gas molecule.

High Temperature Low Temperature

Distance

The greater the distance
between particles, the
Key Concept greater the chemical
What is the Effect of Temperature and potential energy of the
Energy on Matter? particles.
How is temperature related to particle motion? Particles that make up
gases usually are far apart
and have high chemical
potential energy.

The greater the distance
between objects, such as
a ball, and Earth, the
greater the gravitational
potential energy of the
object.

The smaller the distance
between particles, the less
chemical potential energy
of the particles.
Particles that make up
solids usually are close
together and have low
chemical potential
energy.

The smaller the distance
between an object, such as
a ball, and Earth, the less
the gravitational potential
energy of the object.

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