Page 175 - Science Course 1 (Book 1)

Mo5-L3b: How Does Matter Change From One State to Another?

Liquid to Gas or Gas to Liquid Solid to Gas or Gas to Solid

The change in state of a liquid into a gas is Sublimation is the change of state from a solid to a
vaporization. gas without going through the liquid state.

Vaporization that occurs within a liquid is called Deposition is the change of state of a gas to a solid
boiling and the temperature at which boiling occurs without going through the liquid state.
in a liquid. is the boiling point.
Solid Gas
Deposition

Sublimation

States of Water

Water is the only substance that exists naturally as a
solid, a liquid, and a gas on Earth.

At the boiling point, the potential energy of particles At 0°C, water molecules vibrate so rapidly that they
begins increasing. begin to move out of their places, the particles
overcome their attractive forces, and melting occurs.

Thermal Energy v. Temperature as Liquid
Changes to Gas
Temperature Increases Boiling T increases
Gas

T constant
PE little change
PE change

Liquid
(average kinetic
T increases
energy)
PE little change T = temperature GAS LIQUID SOLID
PE = potential When water reaches 100°C, the boiling point, liquid
energy water begins to change to water vapor.

Thermal Energy Increases Cooling water vapor changes the gas to a liquid, and
Evaporation is vaporization that occurs only at the cooling the water further changes it to ice.
surface of a liquid.
Thermal Energy v. Temperature as Solid
Changes to Liquid
Gas
Liquid
Boiling
Temperature Increases 1000C PE little change
T increases
T increases
T constant
PE little change PE change
Melting

EVAPORATION T constant T = temperature
PE change
(average kinetic
00C Solid energy)
When a gas loses enough thermal energy, the T increases PE = potential
gas changes to a liquid, or condenses. PE little change energy
The change of state from a gas to a liquid is
called condensation. Thermal Energy Increases

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